Impact of APOE ε4 allele on familial aggregation and cerebrovascular disease in Alzheimer’s Dementia: A cross‐sectional pilot study from India

Background The ε4 variant of the apolipoprotein E gene (APOE4) is associated with risk Alzheimer’s dementia (AD). Previous studies have reported APOE4 status association familial loading and vascular changes in AD. With a diverse ethnic population, high rates metabolic syndromes, consequences being carrier polymorphism needs further exploration Indian context. Method Patients (N = 452) diagnosed to AD, including 75 family history AD first-degree relatives [‘familial’ (FAD)] others without significant [‘sporadic’ (SAD)], under evaluation at tertiary hospital India are described. All patients were assessed using Clinical Dementia Rating scale (CDR), Hindi Mental Status Examination (HMSE), Everyday Abilities Scale for (EASI), Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI), Hachinski Ischemic (HIS), along detailed clinical evaluation. Blood samples collected from patients, 456 matched healthy controls APOE genotyping Polymerase Chain Reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism. Results allele frequency was 22.57% 9.65% among controls. noted 52% FAD, 38.46% SAD factor FAD an odd’s ratio (OR) 1.73 (95% confidence interval (CI):1.04-2.9, p 0.03). presence did not comorbidities (p 0.54). Furthermore, negative predictor cerebrovascular disease all (OR: 0.32, 95% CI: 0.12-0.71, 0.008). Conclusion has positive aggregation adversities effect on manifestation population unclear